The dynamic simulation of the 46SiCrMo6 steel-primary suspension spring in locomotives

Abstract

The railway suspension system is designed to reduce vibrations and shocks that occur when a train traverses the tracks. Given the high level of vibrations experienced by trains at high speeds, it is crucial to develop an effective suspension system to mitigate these vibrations. Previous studies focused on static analysis of the locomotive’s primary suspension spring. However, static stress analysis failed to reveal the cause of material failure, necessitating a dynamic analysis. This study focuses on the dynamic modelling and analysis of the primary suspension spring made of 46SiCrMo6 steel. The simulation tests were conducted using Ansys Workbench for modal and harmonic response analysis, while the geometric design of the spring was done in Inventor. The results showed that during modal analysis testing, the spring exhibited six natural frequency modes, corresponding to the train's bumping and turning conditions. The simulation of the 46SiCrMo6 steel spring indicated deformation in the middle coil, where strain occurred, leading to frequent material failure in these parts.